Art of making glass bottles.



No. 656,287. v Patented Aug. 2|, lab-o.

' L. enonz.

ART OF MAKING GLASS BOTTLES.

(Application filed June 16, 1900.] (N0 Model.

114: noams PETER$ 0a., wom-umu. WASHINGTON n. c.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUDWIG GROTE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE GROTE BOTTLE MACHINECOMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEV JERSEY.

ART OF MAKING GLASS BOTTLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 656,287, dated August21, 1900.

Application filed June 16, 1900.

To ctZZ whonc it may concern:

Be it known that I, LUDWIG GROTE, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,residing at 8st East India Dock road, Poplar, London, England,haveinvented a newand useful Improvement in the Art of Making GlassBottles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of glass bottles as practicedin part by means of machinery.

The present invention consists in a novel process whereby ordinaryoperatives are enabled to practically and economically produce in thatway that style of bottle which has a deep dome-shaped bottom, the domeor kick-up of which is surrounded by the annular base portion on whichthe bottle stands. This base edge or rim of the bottle is subjected notonly to the pressure of the contents and the ordinary strains due tomolding and handling, but to the greatest strains within the mold andwhen the latter is opened and to the impact of the table or othersupport when the bottle is set down. It is consequently essential thatthere shall be in said base portion of the bottle a uniform andsufficient thickness of glass in good condition. I accomplish thisobject and at the same time provide the bottle with a symmetricalkick-up of any required depth in the manner and by the means illustratedby the accompanying sheet of drawings, in

e which- Figure 1 represents an axial section through a measured parisonof molten glass and through a parison-mold, neck-mold, and plunger usedin producing the same. Fig. 2 represents a like section through thereversed parison and through the inner portion of the neck-mold in whichits lip portion or head is held. Fig. 3 represents alike section throughthe same parts and through a spoon used for manipulating the glass whileso suspended. Fig. 4 represents a like section through said parison andneck molds and through a second spoon by which the process is continued.Fig. 5 represents a section through the lower portion of thepartly-formed bottle at a later stage and through the lower portion of afinishingmold. Figs. 6 and 7 represent top views of Serial No. 20,591.(No model.)

the respective spoons, and Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the finalproduct.

Like letters and numbers refer to like parts in all the figures.

In carrying my said process into effect I proceed as follows: The glassA for a bottle is measured Within a bisected parison-mold M, Fig. 1, anda bisected head-mold or neckmold N, the latter, in connection with anaxial plunger P, serving to form the lip 1 and the neck 2, immediatelyadjacent thereto, by casting and punching upward into the moltenglassina known way. The mouth-forming portion or point of the plungerPis preferably square or of an equivalent flattened shape incross-section and is projected into the glass only an instant and at thesame time rotated back and forth, so as to form a perfectly rounded andsmooth mouth or neck bore 3, into which airis at once gently forced. Forthe purpose of the present invention all such mechanical devices, exceptas herein specifically provided, may be of any known or improveddescription that is or may be successfully operative. While the plungerP is being retracted or immediately thereafter, the glass A, togetherwith the parisonmold M, neck-mold N, and plunger P, is reversed and theparison mold is removed therefrom, so as to leave the hollow parisonhanging from the neck mold, as in Fig. 2, and exposed for manipulation.Meanwhile the gentle introduction of the air is continued and thebody-cavity A is developed, the glass A lengthening at the same time byits own weight. The bowl of a spoon S, Fig. 6, in the form of one-halfof a hollow sphere, is now applied to the lower extremity of the glassA. Said spoon S is gyrated, as illustrated by the dotted lines a, b, o,and d, Figs. 3 and 6, or otherwise manipulated, as the skill of theoperator may suggest, to render homogeneous the bottom-glass 5, and thisworking of the glass A, together with the gentle pressure of air withinit, is continued until the bottomglass 5 nearly approaches the depthwithin the finishing-mold F, Fig. 5, above its bottom projection e.Then, as in Fig. 4, a second spoon S Fig. 7, is substituted, havingaconcavity f of somewhat smaller dimensions than that of the spoon S,surrounded by a flat. rim g,

and this second spoon is worked like an ordinary paddle until acircumferential shoulder 6, Figs. 4 and 5, circumscribes a dependingcentral portion of the bottom-glass 5. The second spoon S is then laidaside, the finishing-mold F is closed around the glass A, and the fullpressure of air for blowing the bottle is turned on. Coming into contactwith said bottom projection e within the finishing-mold, thebottom-glass 5 within the shoulder 6 being still red-hot at least, isquickly reversed or turned like a glove-finger, as illustrated by fulland dotted lines at 5 in Fig. 5, and in another instant the glass A isblown into con tact with the interior of the finishing-mold, throughoutthe latter. The thoroughly-homogeneous bottom-glass,retainingampleheatfor the purpose, distributes itself equally over the bottom projection eand within the base-crease surrounding the same in the finishing-mold F,so as to be practically of uniform thickness throughout.

In the final product, Fig. 8, the bottomglass 5 forms a deep dome-shapedbottom of any required depth and a rounded hollow base edge or rim ofequal or superior strength and uniformity as compared with those ofbottles heretofore produced wholly by hand.

The product may be of any desired shape and proportions and eitherturned or unturned, and if unturned it may be either plain or providedin the finishing-mold with lettering or the like, and other likemodifications will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

One and the same pair of spoons of the construction above set forth willserve for different sizes of bottles of diameters not considerablyexceeding the outer diameter of the rim g nor less than that of theconcavity f of the first spoon.

Having thus described said improvement, I claim as my invention anddesire to patent under this specification 1. The within-describedprocess of making a glass bottle with a deep dome-shaped bottom, suchprocess consistingiu measuring the glass, casting the head of the bottleand forming the mouth and initial cavity within the glass; thensuspending the glass by means of its head, gently admitting air underpressure into said cavity, and exposing the glass for manipulation; thenworking the lower extremity of the glass to render the bottom-glasshomogeneous and substantially hemispherical; then paddling the same toform a shoulder circumscribing a depending central portion of thebottom-glass, reversing or turning the circumscribed bottom-glass duringthe blowing operation and finally completing the blowing of the bottle,whereby a dome or kick-up of any required depth is formed and the glassevenly distributed throughout the bottom and base edge or rim of thebottle.

2. In the art of making glass bottles, the process of working the lowerextremity of the molten glass in a pendent position to render thebottom-glass homogeneous and circumscribing a depending central portionof said bottom-glass with a shoulder by paddling, reversing or turningthe circumscribed bottomglass during the blowing ope1'ation,and finallycompleting the blowing of the bottle, sub stantially as hereinbeforespecified.

LUDVVIG GROTE. Witnesses:

WILLIAM J. HARVEY, ANDREW FoULDs, Jr.

